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# RT-Thread Introduction
As a beginner of RTOS, you might be new to RT-Thread. However, with a better understanding of it overtime, you will gradually discover the charm of RT-Thread and its advantages over other RTOSs of the same type. RT-Thread is an Embedded Real-time Operating System (RTOS) . After nearly 12 years of experiences accumulated, along with the rise of the Internet of Things, it is evolving into a powerful, component-rich IoT operating system.
As a beginner of Real-time Operating Systems (RTOS), you might be new to RT-Thread. However, with a better understanding of it over time, you will gradually discover the charm of RT-Thread and its advantages over other RTOSs of the same type. RT-Thread is an RTOS. With over 16 years of experience accumulated, along with the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), it is evolving into a powerful, component-rich IoT operating system.
## RT-Thread Overview
RT-Thread, short for Real Time-Thread, as its name implies, is an embedded real-time multi-threaded operating system. One of its basic properties is to support multi-tasking. Allowing multiple tasks to run at the same time does not mean that the processor actually performed multiple tasks at the same time. In fact, a processor core can only run one task at a time. Every task is executed quickly, and through the task scheduler (the scheduler determines the sequence according to priority), the tasks are switched rapidly which gives the illusion that multiple tasks are running at the same time. In the RT-Thread system, the task is implemented by threads. The thread scheduler in RT-Thread is the task scheduler mentioned above.
RT-Thread, short for Real Time-Thread, is an embedded real-time multi-threaded operating system. One of its main purposes is to support multi-tasking. Allowing multiple tasks to run simultaneously does not mean that the processor actually performs multiple tasks at the same time - a processor core can only run one task at a time. Every task is executed quickly, and through the task scheduler which determines the sequence according to priority, the tasks are switched rapidly, giving the illusion that multiple tasks are running at the same time. In the RT-Thread system, tasks are implemented by threads, and scheduled by the task scheduler.
RT-Thread is mainly written in C language, easy to understand and easy to port. It applies object-oriented programming methods to real-time system design, making the code elegant, structured, modular, and very tailorable. For resource-constrained Microcontroller Unit (MCU) systems, NANO version (NANO is a minimum kernel officially released by RT-Thread in July 2017) that requires only 3KB of Flash and 1.2KB of RAM memory resources can be tailored with easy-to-use tools; for resource-rich IoT devices, RT-Thread can use the on-line software package management tool, together with system configuration tools, to achieve intuitive and rapid modular cutting, seamlessly import rich Software f0 eature packs, thus achieving complex functions like Android's graphical interface and touch sliding effects, smart voice interaction effects, and so on.
RT-Thread is mainly written in the C programming language, making it easy to understand and port. It applies object-oriented programming methods to real-time system design, making the code elegant, structured, modular, and very customizable. RT-Thread comes in a few varieties - the NANO version is a minimal kernel that requires only 3KB of flash and 1.2KB of RAM, which can be tailored with easy-to-use tools. For resource-rich IoT devices, RT-Thread can use an online software package management tool, together with system configuration tools, to achieve an intuitive and rapid modular design, while being able to seamlessly import rich software featurepacks. Through this, complex functions like Android's graphical interface, touch sliding effects, smart voice control and more can be easily created.
Compared with the Linux operating system, RT-Thread is small in size, low in cost, low in power consumption and fast in startup. In addition, RT-Thread has high instantaneity and low occupation, which is very suitable for various resource constraints (such as cost, power consumption, etc.). Although the 32-bit MCU is its main operating platform, other CPUs, ones with MMU, ones based on ARM9, ARM11 and even the Cortex-A series CPUs are suitable for RT-Thread in specific applications.
Compared with the Linux operating system, RT-Thread is small in size, low in cost, low in power consumption and fast in startup. In addition, RT-Thread is highly responsible, with low resource usage, which is ideally suitable for various resource constraints such as cost, power consumption, etc. Although the 32-bit MCU is its main operating platform, other CPUs, such as ones with MMU, ones based on ARM9, ARM11 and even the Cortex-A series CPUs are suitable for RT-Thread in specific applications.
## License Agreement
The RT-Thread system is a completely open source system, the 3.1.0 version and its earlier versions follow the GPL V2 + open source license agreement. Versions from the 3.1.0 version onwards follow the Apache License 2.0 open source license agreement. The RT-Thread system can be used free of charge in commercial products and does not require opening private code to the public.
The RT-Thread system is a completely open source system, the 3.1.0 version and its earlier versions follow the GPL V2 + open source license agreement. Versions from the 3.1.0 version onwards follow the Apache License 2.0 open source license agreement. The RT-Thread system can be used free of charge in commercial products and does not require opening private code up to the public.
## RT-Thread Frame
In recent years, the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) has become widely known , and the Internet of Things market has developed rapidly. The networking of embedded devices is the trend of the times. Terminal networking has greatly increased the complexity of software. The traditional RTOS kernel can hardly meet the needs of the market. In this case, the concept of the Internet of Things Operating System (IoT OS) came into being. **IoT operating system refers to the software platform that is based on operating system kernel (like RTOS, Linux, etc.) and includes relatively complete middleware components such as file system, graphics library, etc. It is low in consumption and high in secure, abides by the Communication Protocol and has cloud-connect abilities.** RT-Thread is an IoT OS.
In recent years, the concept of the Internet of Things has become widely known, and the IoT market has developed rapidly. The networking of embedded devices is the trend of the times. Terminal networking has greatly increased the complexity of software, and traditional RTOS kernels can hardly meet the needs of the market. For this reason, the concept of the Internet of Things Operating System (IoT OS) came into being. **IoT operating system refers to the software platform that is based on operating system kernel (like RTOS, Linux, etc.) and includes relatively complete middleware components such as a file system, graphics library, etc. It has low overhead and high security, abides by the Communication Protocol and is capable of connecting to the cloud.** RT-Thread is an IoT OS.
One of the main differences between RT-Thread and many other RTOS such as FreeRTOS and uC/OS is that it is not only a real-time kernel, but also has a rich middle-tier component, as shown in the following figure.
One of the main differences between RT-Thread and many other RTOSs such as FreeRTOS and uC/OS is that it is not only a real-time kernel, but also has a rich middle-tier component, as shown in the following figure.
![RT-Thread Software Framework](figures/02Software_framework_diagram.png)