Add <optional> header.

This patch is largely thanks to Casey Carter @ Microsoft. He did the initial
work of porting our experimental implementation and tests over to namespace
std.


git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/libcxx/trunk@283977 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8

test/std/utilities/optional/optional.object/optional.object.observe/value_const.fail.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is dual licensed under the MIT and the University of Illinois Open
+// Source Licenses. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+// UNSUPPORTED: c++98, c++03, c++11, c++14
+// <optional>
+
+// constexpr const T& optional<T>::value() const &;
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <cassert>
+
+using std::optional;
+
+struct X
+{
+    constexpr int test() const {return 3;}
+    int test() {return 4;}
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+    {
+        constexpr optional<X> opt;
+        static_assert(opt.value().test() == 3, "");
+    }
+}