rtems-docs/develenv/sample.rst

Sample Applications
###################

Introduction
============

The RTEMS source distribution includes a set of sample applications
that are located in the ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/``
directory.  These applications are intended to illustrate the
basic format of RTEMS single and multiple processor
applications and the use of some features.  In addition, these
relatively simple applications can be used to test locally
developed board support packages and device drivers as they
exercise a critical subset of RTEMS functionality that is often
broken in new BSPs.

Some of the following sample applications will be covered in
more detail in subsequent sections:

*Hello World*
    The RTEMS Hello World test is provided in
    the subdirectory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/hello/``.
    This test is helpful when testing new RTEMS development environment.

*Clock Tick*
    The ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/ticker/``
    subdirectory provides a test for verification of clock chip
    device drivers of BSPs.

*Base Single Processor*
    A simple single processor test similar to those in the
    single processor test suite is provided in ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/base_sp/``.

*Base Multiple Processor*
    A simple two node multiprocessor test capable of testing an newly
    developed MPCI layer is provided in ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/base_mp/``.

*Capture*
    The RTEMS Capture test is provided in
    the subdirectory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/capture/``.
    This is an interactive test which demonstrates the capabilities
    of the RTEMS Capture Engine.  It includes a few test threads
    which generate interesting execution patterns.  Look at the
    file ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/capture/capture.scn``
    for a sample session.

*Constructor/Destructor C++ Test*
    The ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/cdtest/``
    subdirectory provides a simple C++ application using
    constructors and destructors.  It is only built when
    C++ is enabled and its primary purpose is to demonstrate
    that global constructors and destructors work.  Since this
    requires that the linker script for your BSP be correct, this is
    an important test.

*File IO*
    The RTEMS File IO test is provided in
    the subdirectory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/fileio/``.
    This is an interactive test which allows the user to interact with
    an ATA/IDE device.  It will read the partition table and allow the
    user to dynamically mount one of the FAT32 partitions it finds.
    Commands are also provided to write and read files on the disk.

*IO Stream*
    The RTEMS IO Stream test is provided in
    the subdirectory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/iostream/``.
    This test is a simple C++ application which demonstrates that
    C++ iostreams are functional. This requires that the RTEMS C++
    run-time support is functioning properly.  This test is only
    build when C++ is enabled.

*Network Loopback Test*
    The ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/loopback/``
    directory contains a sample test that demonstrates the use of
    sockets and the loopback network device.  It does not require
    the presence of network hardware in order to run.
    It is only built if RTEMS was configured with networking enabled.

*Minimum Size Test*
    The directory``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/minimum/``
    contains a simple RTEMS program that results in a non-functional
    executable.  It is intended to show the size of a minimum footprint
    application based upon the current RTEMS configuration.

*Nanoseconds*
    The RTEMS Nanoseconds test is provided in
    the subdirectory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/nsecs/``.
    This test demonstrates that the BSP has support for nanosecond
    timestamp granularity.  It prints the time of day and uptime multiple
    times as quickly as possible.  It should be possible from the output
    to determine if your BSP has nanosecond accurate clock support
    and it is functional.

*Paranoia Floating Point Test*
    The directory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/paranoia/``
    contains the public domain floating point and math library test.

*Point-to-Point Protocol Daemon*
    The RTEMS Point-to-Point Protocol Daemon test is provided in
    the subdirectory ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/pppd/``.
    This test primarily serves as the baseline for a user application
    using the PPP protocol.

*Unlimited Object Allocation*
    The ``${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/unlimited/``
    directory contains a sample test that demonstrates the use of the*unlimited* object allocation configuration option to RTEMS.

The sample tests are written using the Classic API so the reader
should be familiar with the terms used and
material presented in the *RTEMS Applications Users Guide*.

Hello World
===========

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/hello/

It provides a rudimentary test of the BSP start up
code and the console output routine.  The C version of this
sample application uses the printf function from the RTEMS
Standard C Library to output messages.   The Ada version of this
sample uses the TEXT_IO package to output the hello messages.
The following messages are printed:
.. code:: c

    *** HELLO WORLD TEST \***
    Hello World
    \*** END OF HELLO WORLD TEST \***

These messages are printed from the application’s
single initialization task.  If the above messages are not
printed correctly, then either the BSP start up code or the
console output routine is not operating properly.

Clock Tick
==========

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/ticker/

This application is designed as a simple test of the
clock tick device driver.  In addition, this application also
tests the printf function from the RTEMS Standard C Library by
using it to output the following messages:
.. code:: c

    *** CLOCK TICK TEST \***
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:00   12/31/1988
    TA2 - tm_get - 09:00:00   12/31/1988
    TA3 - tm_get - 09:00:00   12/31/1988
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:05   12/31/1988
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:10   12/31/1988
    TA2 - tm_get - 09:00:10   12/31/1988
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:15   12/31/1988
    TA3 - tm_get - 09:00:15   12/31/1988
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:20   12/31/1988
    TA2 - tm_get - 09:00:20   12/31/1988
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:25   12/31/1988
    TA1 - tm_get - 09:00:30   12/31/1988
    TA2 - tm_get - 09:00:30   12/31/1988
    TA3 - tm_get - 09:00:30   12/31/1988
    \*** END OF CLOCK TICK TEST \***

The clock tick sample application utilizes a single
initialization task and three copies of the single application
task.  The initialization task prints the test herald, sets the
time and date, and creates and starts the three application
tasks before deleting itself.  The three application tasks
generate the rest of the output.  Every five seconds, one or
more of the tasks will print the current time obtained via the
tm_get directive.  The first task, TA1, executes every five
seconds, the second task, TA2, every ten seconds, and the third
task, TA3, every fifteen seconds. If the time printed does not
match the above output, then the clock device driver is not
operating properly.

Base Single Processor Application
=================================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/base_sp/

It provides a framework from which a single processor
RTEMS application can be developed. The use of the task argument
is illustrated.  This sample application uses the printf
function from the RTEMS Standard C Library or TEXT_IO functions
when using the Ada version to output the following messages:
.. code:: c

    *** SAMPLE SINGLE PROCESSOR APPLICATION \***
    Creating and starting an application task
    Application task was invoked with argument (0) and has id of 0x10002
    \*** END OF SAMPLE SINGLE PROCESSOR APPLICATION \***

The first two messages are printed from the
application’s single initialization task.  The final messages
are printed from the single application task.

Base Multiple Processor Application
===================================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/base_mp/

It provides a framework from which a multiprocessor
RTEMS application can be developed. This directory has a
subdirectory for each node in the multiprocessor system.  The
task argument is used to distinguish the node on which the
application task is executed.  The first node will print the
following messages:
.. code:: c

    *** SAMPLE MULTIPROCESSOR APPLICATION \***
    Creating and starting an application task
    This task was invoked with the node argument (1)
    This task has the id of 0x10002
    \*** END OF SAMPLE MULTIPROCESSOR APPLICATION \***

The second node will print the following messages:
.. code:: c

    *** SAMPLE MULTIPROCESSOR APPLICATION \***
    Creating and starting an application task
    This task was invoked with the node argument (2)
    This task has the id of 0x20002
    \*** END OF SAMPLE MULTIPROCESSOR APPLICATION \***

The herald is printed from the application’s single
initialization task on each node.  The final messages are
printed from the single application task on each node.

In this sample application, all source code is shared
between the nodes except for the node dependent configuration
files.  These files contains the definition of the node number
used in the initialization of the  RTEMS Multiprocessor
Configuration Table. This file is not shared because the node
number field in the RTEMS Multiprocessor Configuration Table
must be unique on each node.

Constructor/Destructor C++ Application
======================================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/cdtest/

This sample application demonstrates that RTEMS is
compatible with C++ applications.  It uses constructors,
destructor, and I/O stream output in testing these various
capabilities.  The board support package responsible for this
application must support a C++ environment.

This sample application uses the printf function from
the RTEMS Standard C Library to output the following messages:
.. code:: c

    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 1 for 0x400010cc.
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 2 for 0x400010d4.
    Hey I'M in derived class constructor number 3 for 0x400010d4.
    \*** CONSTRUCTOR/DESTRUCTOR TEST \***
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 4 for 0x4009ee08.
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 5 for 0x4009ee10.
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 6 for 0x4009ee18.
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 7 for 0x4009ee20.
    Hey I'M in derived class constructor number 8 for 0x4009ee20.
    Testing a C++ I/O stream
    Hey I'M in derived class constructor number 8 for 0x4009ee20.
    Derived class - Instantiation order 8
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 7 for 0x4009ee20.
    Instantiation order 8
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 6 for 0x4009ee18.
    Instantiation order 6
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 5 for 0x4009ee10.
    Instantiation order 5
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 4 for 0x4009ee08.
    Instantiation order 5
    \*** END OF CONSTRUCTOR/DESTRUCTOR TEST \***
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 3 for 0x400010d4.
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 2 for 0x400010d4.
    Hey I'M in base class constructor number 1 for 0x400010cc.

Minimum Size Test
=================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/minimum/

This sample application is designed to produce the
minimum code space required for any RTEMS application
based upon the current RTEMS configuration and
BSP.  In many situations, the bulk of this executable
consists of hardware and RTEMS initialization, basic
infrastructure such as malloc(), and RTEMS and
hardware shutdown support.

Nanosecond Granularity Application
==================================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/nsecs/

This sample application exercises the Clock Driver
for this BSP and demonstrates its ability to generate
accurate timestamps.  This application does this by
exercising the time subsystem in three ways:

- Obtain Time of Day Twice Back to Back

- Obtain System Up Time Twice Back to Back

- Use System Up Time to Measure Loops

The following is an example of what the output of this
test may appear like:
.. code:: c

    *** NANOSECOND CLOCK TEST \***
    10 iterations of getting TOD
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:540000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:549000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:3974000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:3983000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:7510000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:7519000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:11054000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:11063000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:14638000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:14647000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:18301000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:18310000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:21901000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:21910000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:25526000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:25535000 --> 0:9000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:29196000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:29206000 --> 0:10000
    Start: Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:32826000
    Stop : Sat Mar 24 11:15:00 2007:32835000 --> 0:9000
    10 iterations of getting Uptime
    0:38977000 0:38986000 --> 0:9000
    0:40324000 0:40332000 --> 0:8000
    0:41636000 0:41645000 --> 0:9000
    0:42949000 0:42958000 --> 0:9000
    0:44295000 0:44304000 --> 0:9000
    0:45608000 0:45617000 --> 0:9000
    0:46921000 0:46930000 --> 0:9000
    0:48282000 0:48291000 --> 0:9000
    0:49595000 0:49603000 --> 0:8000
    0:50908000 0:50917000 --> 0:9000
    10 iterations of getting Uptime with different loop values
    loop of 10000 0:119488000 0:119704000 --> 0:216000
    loop of 20000 0:124028000 0:124463000 --> 0:435000
    loop of 30000 0:128567000 0:129220000 --> 0:653000
    loop of 40000 0:133097000 0:133964000 --> 0:867000
    loop of 50000 0:137643000 0:138728000 --> 0:1085000
    loop of 60000 0:142265000 0:143572000 --> 0:1307000
    loop of 70000 0:146894000 0:148416000 --> 0:1522000
    loop of 80000 0:151519000 0:153260000 --> 0:1741000
    loop of 90000 0:156145000 0:158099000 --> 0:1954000
    loop of 100000 0:160770000 0:162942000 --> 0:2172000
    \*** END OF NANOSECOND CLOCK TEST \***

Paranoia Floating Point Application
===================================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/paranoia/

This sample application uses a public domain floating
point and math library test to verify these capabilities of the
RTEMS executive.  Deviations between actual and expected results
are reported to the screen.  This is a very extensive test which
tests all mathematical and number conversion functions.
Paranoia is also very large and requires a long period of time
to run.   Problems which commonly prevent this test from
executing to completion include stack overflow and FPU exception
handlers not installed.

Network Loopback Test
=====================

This sample application is in the following directory:
.. code:: c

    ${RTEMS_ROOT}/testsuites/samples/loopback/

This sample application uses the network loopback device to
demonstrate the use of the RTEMS TCP/IP stack.  This sample
test illustrates the basic configuration and initialization
of the TCP/IP stack as well as simple socket usage.

.. COMMENT: COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-2007.

.. COMMENT: On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR).

.. COMMENT: All rights reserved.